Task 3 At a chemical plant in a working shop for aluminum production in the air of the working area, the concentration of fluorides exceeds the standard by 3.5 times. The noise level exceeds the permissible values by 5-7 dB . The work performed requires significant physical effort, the working posture is mostly forced. During a periodic medical examination of 5 workshop workers, whose production experience ranged from 5 to 7 years, the dentist discovered multiple ulcerative-necrotic lesions of the oral mucosa, gums , increased fragility and abrasion of the teeth. Questions 1.Assess the working conditions . What does not correspond to requirements for the organization of work? 2. Give the definitions of the terms "the complex effect", "the combined effects' and "cooperative effect" of harmful production factors to workers? What kind of effect is in this situation? 3. What is the mechanism of development of necrotic ulcerative processes in the oral cavity under the action of fluorides? 4. List groups of the general labor protection system. 5. List the sanitary -technical measures to reduce a chemical exposure. 6. List the goals of periodic medical examination.

Question

Task 3 At a chemical plant in a working shop for aluminum production in the air of the working area, the concentration of fluorides exceeds the standard by 3.5 times. The noise level exceeds the permissible values by 5-7 dB . The work performed requires significant physical effort, the working posture is mostly forced. During a periodic medical examination of 5 workshop workers, whose production experience ranged from 5 to 7 years, the dentist discovered multiple ulcerative-necrotic lesions of the oral mucosa, gums , increased fragility and abrasion of the teeth. Questions 1.Assess the working conditions . What does not correspond to requirements for the organization of work? 2. Give the definitions of the terms "the complex effect", "the combined effects' and "cooperative effect" of harmful production factors to workers? What kind of effect is in this situation? 3. What is the mechanism of development of necrotic ulcerative processes in the oral cavity under the action of fluorides? 4. List groups of the general labor protection system. 5. List the sanitary -technical measures to reduce a chemical exposure. 6. List the goals of periodic medical examination.

Answer 1

1. The working conditions do not correspond to the requirements for the organization of work due to the excessive concentration of fluorides in the air, the high noise level, and the significant physical effort required for the work.2. The complex effect of harmful production factors refers to the combined impact of multiple factors on the worker's health, leading to a cumulative effect. The combined effects refer to the additive impact of two or more factors, while the cooperative effect refers to the synergistic interaction of factors, resulting in a greater overall effect than the sum of their individual effects. In this situation, the combined effects of the excessive fluoride concentration and the high noise level are likely to have contributed to the workers' health issues.3. The mechanism of development of necrotic ulcerative processes in the oral cavity under the action of fluorides involves the disruption of cellular metabolism and the formation of free radicals, leading to cell death and tissue damage.4. The general labor protection system includes personal protective equipment, engineering controls, administrative controls, and training and education.5. Sanitary-technical measures to reduce chemical exposure include proper ventilation, use of personal protective equipment, and regular maintenance and cleaning of equipment.6. The goals of periodic medical examination include early detection of health issues, monitoring of the worker's health status, and identification of any work-related health problems.

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