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a. It is the amount of air that can be forcibly inhale after a normal tidal volume. b. It is the total amo unt of air exhaled after maximal inhalation. c. The normal adult value is approximately 4800 ml d. The normal adult value is approximatelv 700-1200ml e. It is calculate d by summing tidal volume inspiratory reserve volume and expiratory reserve volume. f. It is calculated from the sum of inspiratory reserve volume and tidal volume. 9 Total Lung Capacity a. It is the maximum volume of air the lungs can accommodate or sum of all volume compar tments or volume of air in lungs after maximum inspiration. b. It is the total amount of air exhaled after maximal inhalation. c. The norm al adult value is approximately 4800 ml d. The normal adult value is appro ximately 4000-6000ml e. It i s calculatec l by summing tidal volume inspiratory reserve volume,and expiratory reserve volume. f.It is calculated by summation of the four primary lung volumes Part 3:Fill in the blanks 10. The tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas s exchange occurs are called __ 11. The proces ss by which oxygen and carbon dioxide move across the alveola r-capillary membra ne is called __ 12 .Breathin g rate is __ 13. The chemor eceptors present in the brain are called __ 14. The pressu re difference that : drives air in to the lungs is called __ 15 Functior of __ is increases depth of inspiration by acting directly on the inspiratory center. Part 4:True or False 16. The trachea is lined with cilia that help remove foreign particles from the air. 17 . Inhalation is the active phase of ventilation. 18. The partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli is higher than in the blood. 19 Respirator y rate is unaffecte d by exercise. 20 . Exhalation is the active phase of ventilation. 21 . Pleural pressure is the pressure of the fluid in the thin space between the lung pleura and the chest wall pleura. 22 . Alveolar pressure is the pressure difference between that in the alveoli and that on the outer surface es of the lungs and it is a measure of the elastic forces in the lungs that tend to collapse the lungs at each instant of respiration , called the recoil pressure. Part 5:Short Answer 23.Describe the mechanism of inspiration. 24. What is the effect of increasing carbon dioxide concentration on respiratory rate? 25 Describe the breathing process (main stages).

Вопрос

a. It is the amount of air that can be forcibly inhale after a normal tidal volume. b. It is the total amo unt of air exhaled after maximal inhalation. c. The normal adult value is approximately 4800 ml d. The normal adult value is approximatelv 700-1200ml e. It is calculate d by summing tidal volume inspiratory reserve volume and expiratory reserve volume. f. It is calculated from the sum of inspiratory reserve volume and tidal volume. 9 Total Lung Capacity a. It is the maximum volume of air the lungs can accommodate or sum of all volume compar tments or volume of air in lungs after maximum inspiration. b. It is the total amount of air exhaled after maximal inhalation. c. The norm al adult value is approximately 4800 ml d. The normal adult value is appro ximately 4000-6000ml e. It i s calculatec l by summing tidal volume inspiratory reserve volume,and expiratory reserve volume. f.It is calculated by summation of the four primary lung volumes Part 3:Fill in the blanks 10. The tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas s exchange occurs are called __ 11. The proces ss by which oxygen and carbon dioxide move across the alveola r-capillary membra ne is called __ 12 .Breathin g rate is __ 13. The chemor eceptors present in the brain are called __ 14. The pressu re difference that : drives air in to the lungs is called __ 15 Functior of __ is increases depth of inspiration by acting directly on the inspiratory center. Part 4:True or False 16. The trachea is lined with cilia that help remove foreign particles from the air. 17 . Inhalation is the active phase of ventilation. 18. The partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli is higher than in the blood. 19 Respirator y rate is unaffecte d by exercise. 20 . Exhalation is the active phase of ventilation. 21 . Pleural pressure is the pressure of the fluid in the thin space between the lung pleura and the chest wall pleura. 22 . Alveolar pressure is the pressure difference between that in the alveoli and that on the outer surface es of the lungs and it is a measure of the elastic forces in the lungs that tend to collapse the lungs at each instant of respiration , called the recoil pressure. Part 5:Short Answer 23.Describe the mechanism of inspiration. 24. What is the effect of increasing carbon dioxide concentration on respiratory rate? 25 Describe the breathing process (main stages).

a. It is the amount of air that can be forcibly inhale after a normal tidal volume. b. It is the total amo unt of air exhaled after maximal inhalation. c. The normal adult value is approximately 4800 ml d. The normal adult value is approximatelv 700-1200ml e. It is calculate d by summing tidal volume inspiratory reserve volume and expiratory reserve volume. f. It is calculated from the sum of inspiratory reserve volume and tidal volume. 9 Total Lung Capacity a. It is the maximum volume of air the lungs can accommodate or sum of all volume compar tments or volume of air in lungs after maximum inspiration. b. It is the total amount of air exhaled after maximal inhalation. c. The norm al adult value is approximately 4800 ml d. The normal adult value is appro ximately 4000-6000ml e. It i s calculatec l by summing tidal volume inspiratory reserve volume,and expiratory reserve volume. f.It is calculated by summation of the four primary lung volumes Part 3:Fill in the blanks 10. The tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas s exchange occurs are called __ 11. The proces ss by which oxygen and carbon dioxide move across the alveola r-capillary membra ne is called __ 12 .Breathin g rate is __ 13. The chemor eceptors present in the brain are called __ 14. The pressu re difference that : drives air in to the lungs is called __ 15 Functior of __ is increases depth of inspiration by acting directly on the inspiratory center. Part 4:True or False 16. The trachea is lined with cilia that help remove foreign particles from the air. 17 . Inhalation is the active phase of ventilation. 18. The partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli is higher than in the blood. 19 Respirator y rate is unaffecte d by exercise. 20 . Exhalation is the active phase of ventilation. 21 . Pleural pressure is the pressure of the fluid in the thin space between the lung pleura and the chest wall pleura. 22 . Alveolar pressure is the pressure difference between that in the alveoli and that on the outer surface es of the lungs and it is a measure of the elastic forces in the lungs that tend to collapse the lungs at each instant of respiration , called the recoil pressure. Part 5:Short Answer 23.Describe the mechanism of inspiration. 24. What is the effect of increasing carbon dioxide concentration on respiratory rate? 25 Describe the breathing process (main stages).

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<br />9. a. False<br /> b. False<br /> c. False<br /> d. False<br /> e. False<br /> f. False<br />10. alveoli<br />11. diffusion<br />12. number of breaths taken per minute<br />13 chemoreceptors<br />14. pressure gradient<br />15. medulla oblongata<br />16. True<br />17. True<br />18. True<br />19. False<br />20. False<br />21. True<br />22. True<br />23. The contraction of the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles increases the volume of the thoracic cavity, drawing air into the lungs.<br />24. It increases the respiratory rate.<br />25. Inhalation (inspiration) and exhalation (expiration).

Изложение

1 is about the respiratory system, specifically the volumes and capacities of the lungs.<br />2. The terms "Total Lung Capacity" and "9 Total Lung Capacity" are not standard terms in respiratory physiology. However, based on the options provided, we can deduce the meanings.<br />3. The tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs are called alveoli.<br />4. The process by which oxygen and carbon dioxide move across the alveolar-capillary membrane is called diffusion.<br />5. Breathing rate is the number of breaths taken per minute.<br />6. The chemoreceptors present in the brain are called central chemoreceptors.<br />7. The pressure difference that drives air into the lungs is called the pressure gradient.<br />8. The function of the medulla oblongata is to increase the depth of inspiration by acting directly on the inspiratory center.<br />9. The trachea is indeed lined with cilia that help remove foreign particles from.<br />10. Inhalation is the active phase of ventilation.<br />11. The partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli is higher than in the blood.<br />12. Breathing rate is affected by exercise.<br />13. Exhalation is the passive phase of ventilation.<br />14. Pleural pressure is the pressure of the fluid in the thin space between the lung pleura and the chest wall pleura.<br />15. Alveolar pressure is the pressure difference between that in the alveoli and that on the outer surfaces of the lungs, and it is a measure of the elastic forces in the lungs that tend to collapse the lungs at each instant of respiration, called the recoil pressure.<br />16. The mechanism of inspiration involves the contraction of the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles, which increases the volume of the thoracic cavity and draws air into the lungs.<br />17. Increasing carbon dioxide concentration leads to an increase in the respiratory expel the excess CO2.<br />18. The breathing process consists of two main stages: inhalation (or inspiration) and exhalation (or expiration).
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