Make short notes on the following concepts as used in transport management. (a) Virtual mobility [4 marks] (b) Peak and off peak [4 marks] (c) Fleet management [4 marks] (d) Vehicle routing [4 marks] (e) Vehicle scheduling [4 marks]

<br />(a) Virtual mobility refers to the ability to move or operate in a virtual or digital space, rather than in the physical world. In transport management, this could relate to the management of digital platforms that facilitate transportation services, such as ride-sharing apps or logistics management systems.<br /><br />(b) Peak and off-peak times are critical concepts in transport management. Peak times refer to periods when there is a high demand for transportation services, often resulting in congestion and increased costs. Off-peak times are periods of lower demand, where transportation services are less congested and often cheaper. Managing these times effectively is crucial for optimizing transportation systems and costs.<br /><br />(c) Fleet management in transport management involves the oversight and control of a company's fleet of vehicles. This includes tasks such as vehicle maintenance, driver management, route planning, and fuel consumption monitoring. Effective fleet management aims to improve operational efficiency, reduce costs, and ensure safety and compliance with regulations.<br /><br />(d) Vehicle routing is a key aspect of transport management, involving the planning of the most efficient routes for vehicles to take in order to deliver goods or transport people. This involves considering factors such as distance, traffic conditions, time constraints, and cost, with the aim of optimizing efficiency and reducing fuel consumption and emissions.<br /><br />(e) Vehicle scheduling in transport management involves the planning and coordination of vehicle movements and services. This includes determining when and where vehicles should be deployed to meet demand, managing service intervals, and coordinating with other transportation modes. Effective vehicle scheduling aims to maximize efficiency, reduce costs, and improve service reliability.