Problem Citizen N. sold a car owned by him on the right of personal property. The following month, he was declared incapacitated due to a mental illness . Relatives of N., considering the transaction invalid (since the car was sold cheaply) filed a lawsuit in court. Questions to the task: 1. What decision must the court make in accordance with civil law? 2. What is the procedure and grounds for recognizing a citizen as incompetent? 3. What is the procedure for issuing a statement of claim?

1. In accordance with civil law, the court must determine whether the transaction of selling the car is valid or void. The court will consider the circumstances surrounding the sale, including the fairness of the price paid and whether Citizen N. was competent to make the decision at the time of the sale. If the court determines that the sale was conducted fairly and that Citizen N. was competent, the transaction will be considered valid and the relatives will not be able to invalidate it. However, if the court finds that the sale was not conducted fairly or that Citizen N. was not competent at the time of the sale, the transaction may be considered void and the relatives may be able to seek to have it set aside.<br />2. The procedure for recognizing a citizen as incompetent typically involves a petition filed by a family member, legal guardian, or other interested party. The petition must provide evidence that the citizen is unable to manage their own affairs due to a mental illness or other incapacity. The court will then review the evidence and determine whether the citizen is indeed incompetent. If the court finds that the citizen is incompetent, it will appoint a legal guardian to manage their affairs.<br />3. The procedure for issuing a statement of claim involves the party making a claim against another party filing a document with the court outlining their claim and the basis for it. This document, known as a complaint, must include the facts of the case, the legal basis for the claim, and the relief sought. The party against whom the claim is made, known as the defendant, will then be served with a copy of the complaint and will have an opportunity to respond by filing their own documents with the court. The court will then schedule a hearing to consider the matter and make a decision.