(b) Discuss the role of transport policy planning. [8 marks] QUESTION THREE (20 MARKS)

Transport policy planning plays a crucial role in shaping the transport systems of a region or a country. It involves the strategic planning and decision-making process that determines the development and management of transport infrastructure and services. The primary role of transport policy planning is to ensure the efficient and sustainable use of transport resources. This includes considering factors such as population growth, urbanization, economic development, and environmental sustainability. <br /><br />Transport policy planning also involves making decisions about the allocation of resources, the development of infrastructure, and the regulation of transport services. These decisions can have a significant impact on the quality of life for citizens, the economy, and the environment. For example, policies that promote public transport and reduce reliance on private cars can help to reduce traffic congestion, improve air quality, and decrease greenhouse gas emissions.<br /><br />However, transport policy planning also faces several challenges. These include the need to balance competing interests, the complexity of predicting future trends and demands, and the requirement to integrate transport planning with other policy areas such as land use planning and environmental protection. Despite these challenges, effective transport policy planning is essential for creating sustainable and resilient transport systems that meet the needs of society while minimizing negative impacts on the environment.