What distinguishes summative evaluation from formative evaluation? Summative evaluation a. takes place during curriculum development. b. occurs at the end of program activities and assesses outcomes c. focuses on ongoing program improvement. d. is used to modify and fine-tune the curriculum

The correct answer is b. Summative evaluation occurs at the end of program activities and assesses outcomes. It is typically used to determine the effectiveness of a program or intervention by measuring the final results or outcomes. Summative evaluation is often contrasted with formative evaluation, which takes place during curriculum development and focuses on ongoing program improvement.