__ Task 18. Is motivation accompanied by __ (positive or negative)emotion? __ __ Task 20. List stages of sleep with their EEG-characteristics: __

Task 18: Motivation is typically accompanied by positive emotions. Positive emotions such as excitement, enthusiasm, and determination can drive individuals to pursue their goals and engage in motivated behavior.<br /><br />Task 20: The stages of sleep with their corresponding EEG characteristics are as follows:<br /><br />1. NREM 1 (Non-Rapid Eye Movement, Stage 1): This is the lightest stage of sleep, where the person is transitioning from wakefulness to sleep. The EEG shows low amplitude, high frequency waves.<br /><br />2. NREM 2 (Non-Rapid Eye Movement, Stage 2): This stage is characterized by a decrease in body temperature and heart rate. The EEG shows a mix of low amplitude, high frequency waves and higher amplitude, slower waves known as sleep spindles.<br /><br />3. NREM 3 (Non-Rapid Eye Movement, Stage 3): Also known as deep sleep or slow-wave sleep, this stage is characterized by slow, high amplitude waves on the EEG. It is the deepest stage of NREM sleep and is crucial for restorative processes such as tissue repair and growth.<br /><br />4. NREM 4 (Non-Rapid Eye Movement, Stage 4): This stage is not typically recognized as a separate stage in the current sleep stage classification. It is often included within NREM 3 and represents the deepest part of NREM sleep.<br /><br />5. REM (Rapid Eye Movement) Sleep: This stage is characterized by rapid eye movements, increased brain activity, and vivid dreaming. The EEG shows low amplitude, high frequency waves similar to wakefulness, interspersed with periods of high amplitude, slow waves.<br /><br />It is important to note that the classification of sleep stages may vary slightly depending on the sleep stage classification system used.