35. square 1) The scientific square approach is more useful at answering questions about __ . than questions about __ a. facts, values c. values, facts d. emotions, facts 2) A psychologist studying what makes people laugh in different countries around the world is working on the __ level of explanation. a. lower b. middle c. higher d. none of the above 3) Which area of psychology focuses on using rewards and punishments to modify behavior? a. Biopsychology b.Behavioral psychology c. Cognitive psychology d. Comparative psychology 4) What is the focus of biopsychology? a. Internal mental states b. Animal behavior c. The brain, neurons.and nervous system d. Mental illness and abnormal behavior 5) What is the focus of educational psychology? a) Studying how different variables influence individual students and the instructional process b) Understanding how people change and grow throughout life c) Applying psychological principles to legal issues d) Studying how social factors influence health and illness 6) Forensic psychology applies psychological principles to: a) legal issues b) animal behavior c) cognitive functions d) social factors 7) Different people react differently to the same situation. This is referred to as: a. multiple determinants b. nativism c. the Simpson effect d. individual differences 8) The Greek philosopher __ believed that knowledge is acquired through experience and learning. a. Archimedes b. Rousseau c. Plato d. Aristotle 9) The school of psychology whose goal was to identify the basic elements of experience was called: a. experientialism b. dualism c. functionalism d. structuralism

1) The scientific approach is more useful at answering questions about facts than questions about values. The scientific approach relies on empirical evidence and objective observation, which is more suited for studying facts rather than subjective values.<br /><br />2) A psychologist studying what makes people laugh in different countries around the world is working on the cultural level of explanation. Culture influences people's behaviors, beliefs, and emotions, including humor. By studying laughter across different cultures, the psychologist is examining how cultural factors contribute to this behavior.<br /><br />3) Behavioral psychology focuses on using rewards and punishments to modify behavior. Behavioral psychologists study observable behaviors and the environmental stimuli that trigger them. They use principles of conditioning, reinforcement, and punishment to understand and influence behavior.<br /><br />4) The focus of biopsychology is the brain, neurons, and the nervous system. Biopsychology examines how biological factors, such as brain structures and neurotransmitters, influence behavior and mental processes. It explores the relationship between the brain and behavior, including how the nervous system regulates and controls various functions.<br /><br />5) The focus of educational psychology is studying how different variables influence individual students and the instructional process. Educational psychologists investigate how students learn, how teaching methods affect learning, and how to optimize educational experiences. They explore factors such as motivation, cognitive development, and learning strategies to enhance student achievement.<br /><br />6) Forensic psychology applies psychological principles to legal issues. Forensic psychologists work within the legal system, providing expertise in areas such as criminal profiling, eyewitness testimony, jury selection, and assessment of competency. They contribute to legal decision-making by offering psychological insights and evaluations based on their knowledge of human behavior and mental processes.<br /><br />7) Different people react differently to the same situation. This is referred to as individual differences. Individual differences refer to the variations in behavior, personality, abilities, and other psychological characteristics among individuals. These differences can be influenced by genetic factors, environmental influences, and personal experiences.<br /><br />8) The Greek philosopher Aristotle believed that knowledge is acquired through experience and learning. Aristotle emphasized the importance of empirical observation and the study of the natural world. He believed that knowledge is derived from sensory experiences and that learning involves the process of observing, analyzing, and drawing conclusions based on empirical evidence.<br /><br />9) The school of psychology whose goal was to identify the basic elements of experience was called structuralism. Structuralism aimed to break down mental processes into their most basic components or structures. It focused on analyzing the structure of consciousness by using techniques such as introspection, where individuals reported their conscious experiences in response to specific stimuli.