- Part 3: Fill in the blanks 10. The tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs are called __ 11. The process by which oxygen and carbon dioxide move across the alveolar-capillary membrane is called __ 12. Breathing rate is __ 13. The chemoreceptor present in the brain are called __ 14. The pressure difference that drives air into the lungs is called __ 15. Function of __ is increases depth of inspiration by acting directly on the inspiratory center.
- 9. Total Lung Capacity a. It is the ma <imum volume of air th e lungs car accommo date or sum of all volume compartn ents or volume of air in lung s after maximum insp iration. b. It is th e total amount of air exhaled afte r maxim al inhalation. c. The norma l adult value is approximately 4800 ml d. The norma l adult value is approximately 4000-6000 ml. e. It is cal culated by summing tidal volu me, inspirator y reserve volume , and expiratory reserve volume. f. It is calc lated by summation of the fou primary lung volumes Part 3:Fill in the blanks 10. The tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas ex chang e occurs are called __ 11. The process by which oxyge n and carbon dioxide move across the alveolar -capillary me mbrane is called __ . 12 . Breathing rate is __ . 13. The chemore ceptor s present in the brain are called __ 14. The pressure difference that drives air into the lungs is called __ 15. Functior of __ is increases depth of inspiration by acting directly on the inspiratory center. Part 4:True or False 16. The trachea is lined with cilia that help remove foreign particles from the air. 17 . Inhalation is the activ e phase of ven tilation. 18. The partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli is higher than in the blood. 19 rate is unaffected by exercise. 20 . Exhalation is the active phas e of ventilation. 21 . Pleural pi ressure is the pressure of the flu id in the thin space between the lung pleura and the ches t wall pleura. 22 .Alveolar pressure is the pressure difference between that in the alveoli and that on the outer sur faces of the lungs,and it is a measur e of the elast ic forces in the lungs ; that tend to collapse the lungs at each instan t of respiratior , callec I the recoil pressure. Part 5:Short Answer 23 . Describe the mechanism of inspiration. 24 . What is the effect of increasir g carbor dioxide concentratio n on respirator y rate? 25 . Describe the breathing process (main stages).
- a. It is the amount of air that can be forcibly inhale after a normal tidal volume. b. It is the total amo unt of air exhaled after maximal inhalation. c. The normal adult value is approximately 4800 ml d. The normal adult value is approximatelv 700-1200ml e. It is calculate d by summing tidal volume inspiratory reserve volume and expiratory reserve volume. f. It is calculated from the sum of inspiratory reserve volume and tidal volume. 9 Total Lung Capacity a. It is the maximum volume of air the lungs can accommodate or sum of all volume compar tments or volume of air in lungs after maximum inspiration. b. It is the total amount of air exhaled after maximal inhalation. c. The norm al adult value is approximately 4800 ml d. The normal adult value is appro ximately 4000-6000ml e. It i s calculatec l by summing tidal volume inspiratory reserve volume,and expiratory reserve volume. f.It is calculated by summation of the four primary lung volumes Part 3:Fill in the blanks 10. The tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas s exchange occurs are called __ 11. The proces ss by which oxygen and carbon dioxide move across the alveola r-capillary membra ne is called __ 12 .Breathin g rate is __ 13. The chemor eceptors present in the brain are called __ 14. The pressu re difference that : drives air in to the lungs is called __ 15 Functior of __ is increases depth of inspiration by acting directly on the inspiratory center. Part 4:True or False 16. The trachea is lined with cilia that help remove foreign particles from the air. 17 . Inhalation is the active phase of ventilation. 18. The partial pressure of oxygen in the alveoli is higher than in the blood. 19 Respirator y rate is unaffecte d by exercise. 20 . Exhalation is the active phase of ventilation. 21 . Pleural pressure is the pressure of the fluid in the thin space between the lung pleura and the chest wall pleura. 22 . Alveolar pressure is the pressure difference between that in the alveoli and that on the outer surface es of the lungs and it is a measure of the elastic forces in the lungs that tend to collapse the lungs at each instant of respiration , called the recoil pressure. Part 5:Short Answer 23.Describe the mechanism of inspiration. 24. What is the effect of increasing carbon dioxide concentration on respiratory rate? 25 Describe the breathing process (main stages).
- 1. Which structure is responsible for gas exchange in the lungs? a. Trachea b. Bronchi c. Alveoli d.Pleura 2. The primary function of the e diaphragm is to: a. Filte r inhaled air b. Moisten inhaled air c. Contract and expand the chest cavity d.Transpor t oxygen 3. The process of inhaling is called: a. Inspiration b . Expiration c. Gas exchange d . Ventilation 4. Which substance stimulate s the respiratory center in the brain? a. Insulin b . Adrenaline c . Carbon dioxide d . Thyroid hormone Part 2:Multiple Choice Questions 5. The major functions of respiration are: a. pulmonary ventilation b. diffusi on of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and the blood c. transport of oxyger and carbon dioxide in the blood and body fluids to and from the body's tissue e cells d regulatio n of ventilation e. Contract and expand the chest cavity f.Increasing airway resistance 6. Tidal Volume a.It is the amount of air that can be inhaled or exhaled during one respiratory cycle. b. It is the amount of air that can be forcibly inhaled after a normal tidal volume. c. The normal adult value is approximately 300-500ml d. The normal adult value is approximately 1900-3300ml 7.Expiratory Reserve Volume a. It is the volume of air that can be exhaled forcibly after 'exhalation of normal tidal volume. b. It is the amount of air that can be forcibly inhaled after a normal tidal volume. c. The normal adult value is approximately 300-500ml d. The normal adult value is approximately 700-1200ml 8. Vital Capacity
- 3. Tissue hypoxia causes: the heart to contract less forcefully increased afterload the rate of depth of breathing to increase all of the above arterioles , capillaries, and venules to constrict
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